Pathway in Binding Database

The following drop-down menu allows for the browsing of data by specific biological pathway. This pathway heirarchy has been adopted from that used at Reactome. Each sub-pathway contains both BindingDB and Reactome links. BindingDB links go to binding data for proteins involved in a pathway. Note: Reactome "Reactions", as described on this page: https://reactome.org/userguide, are not included here.

Autophagy ^BindingDB
- Macroautophagy ^BindingDB
Cell Cycle ^BindingDB
- Cell Cycle Checkpoints ^BindingDB
  - G1/S DNA Damage Checkpoints ^BindingDB
    - p53-Dependent G1/S DNA damage checkpoint ^BindingDB
      - p53-Dependent G1 DNA Damage Response ^BindingDB
        
        Stabilization of p53 ^BindingDB
        
        Autodegradation of the E3 ubiquitin ligase COP1 ^BindingDB
        
        Transcriptional activation of p53 responsive genes ^BindingDB
        
        Transcriptional activation of cell cycle inhibitor p21 ^BindingDB
    - p53-Independent G1/S DNA damage checkpoint ^BindingDB
      - p53-Independent DNA Damage Response ^BindingDB
        
        Ubiquitin Mediated Degradation of Phosphorylated Cdc25A ^BindingDB
  - G2/M Checkpoints ^BindingDB
    - Activation of ATR in response to replication stress ^BindingDB
    - G2/M DNA damage checkpoint ^BindingDB
      - Chk1/Chk2(Cds1) mediated inactivation of Cyclin B:Cdk1 complex ^BindingDB
    - G2/M DNA replication checkpoint ^BindingDB
  - Mitotic Spindle Checkpoint ^BindingDB
    - Amplification of signal from the kinetochores ^BindingDB
      - Amplification of signal from unattached kinetochores via a MAD2 inhibitory signal ^BindingDB
    - Inhibition of the proteolytic activity of APC/C required for the onset of anaphase by mitotic spindle checkpoint components ^BindingDB
      - Inactivation of APC/C via direct inhibition of the APC/C complex ^BindingDB
- Cell Cycle, Mitotic ^BindingDB
  - M Phase ^BindingDB
    - Mitotic Metaphase and Anaphase ^BindingDB
      - Mitotic Anaphase ^BindingDB
        
        Nuclear Envelope (NE) Reassembly ^BindingDB
        
        Initiation of Nuclear Envelope (NE) Reformation ^BindingDB
        
        Postmitotic nuclear pore complex (NPC) reformation ^BindingDB
        
        Sealing of the nuclear envelope (NE) by ESCRT-III ^BindingDB
        
        Separation of Sister Chromatids ^BindingDB
      - Mitotic Metaphase/Anaphase Transition ^BindingDB
    - Mitotic Prometaphase ^BindingDB
      - Condensation of Prometaphase Chromosomes ^BindingDB
      - EML4 and NUDC in mitotic spindle formation ^BindingDB
      - Recruitment of NuMA to mitotic centrosomes ^BindingDB
      - Resolution of Sister Chromatid Cohesion ^BindingDB
    - Mitotic Prophase ^BindingDB
      - Condensation of Prophase Chromosomes ^BindingDB
      - Golgi Cisternae Pericentriolar Stack Reorganization ^BindingDB
      - MASTL Facilitates Mitotic Progression ^BindingDB
      - Nuclear Envelope Breakdown ^BindingDB
        
        Activation of NIMA Kinases NEK9, NEK6, NEK7 ^BindingDB
        
        Depolymerization of the Nuclear Lamina ^BindingDB
        
        Nuclear Pore Complex (NPC) Disassembly ^BindingDB
    - Mitotic Telophase/Cytokinesis ^BindingDB
  - Mitotic G1 phase and G1/S transition ^BindingDB
    - G0 and Early G1 ^BindingDB
      - Transcription of E2F targets under negative control by DREAM complex ^BindingDB
      - Transcription of E2F targets under negative control by p107 (RBL1) and p130 (RBL2) in complex with HDAC1 ^BindingDB
    - G1 Phase ^BindingDB
      - Cyclin D associated events in G1 ^BindingDB
        
        Drug-mediated inhibition of CDK4/CDK6 activity ^BindingDB
    - G1/S Transition ^BindingDB
      - Activation of the pre-replicative complex ^BindingDB
      - Cyclin E associated events during G1/S transition ^BindingDB
        
        Phosphorylation of proteins involved in G1/S transition by active Cyclin E:Cdk2 complexes ^BindingDB
        
        SCF(Skp2)-mediated degradation of p27/p21 ^BindingDB
      - E2F mediated regulation of DNA replication ^BindingDB
        
        E2F-enabled inhibition of pre-replication complex formation ^BindingDB
        
        Inhibition of replication initiation of damaged DNA by RB1/E2F1 ^BindingDB
      - G1/S-Specific Transcription ^BindingDB
  - Mitotic G2-G2/M phases ^BindingDB
    - G2 Phase ^BindingDB
    - G2/M Transition ^BindingDB
      - AURKA Activation by TPX2 ^BindingDB
      - Centrosome maturation ^BindingDB
        
        Loss of proteins required for interphase microtubule organization from the centrosome ^BindingDB
        
        Loss of Nlp from mitotic centrosomes ^BindingDB
        
        Recruitment of mitotic centrosome proteins and complexes ^BindingDB
      - Cyclin A/B1/B2 associated events during G2/M transition ^BindingDB
        
        Phosphorylation of proteins involved in the G2/M transition by Cyclin A:Cdc2 complexes ^BindingDB
      - FBXL7 down-regulates AURKA during mitotic entry and in early mitosis ^BindingDB
      - Interaction between PHLDA1 and AURKA ^BindingDB
      - Polo-like kinase mediated events ^BindingDB
      - Regulation of PLK1 Activity at G2/M Transition ^BindingDB
      - The role of GTSE1 in G2/M progression after G2 checkpoint ^BindingDB
  - Regulation of mitotic cell cycle ^BindingDB
    - APC/C-mediated degradation of cell cycle proteins ^BindingDB
      - APC/C:Cdh1 mediated degradation of Cdc20 and other APC/C:Cdh1 targeted proteins in late mitosis/early G1 ^BindingDB
      - Activation of APC/C and APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of mitotic proteins ^BindingDB
        
        APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of mitotic proteins ^BindingDB
        
        APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Cyclin B ^BindingDB
        
        APC/C:Cdc20 mediated degradation of Securin ^BindingDB
        
        APC:Cdc20 mediated degradation of cell cycle proteins prior to satisfation of the cell cycle checkpoint ^BindingDB
        
        APC-Cdc20 mediated degradation of Nek2A ^BindingDB
        
        Cdc20:Phospho-APC/C mediated degradation of Cyclin A ^BindingDB
        
        Phosphorylation of the APC/C ^BindingDB
      - Autodegradation of Cdh1 by Cdh1:APC/C ^BindingDB
      - Conversion from APC/C:Cdc20 to APC/C:Cdh1 in late anaphase ^BindingDB
      - Regulation of APC/C activators between G1/S and early anaphase ^BindingDB
        
        Inhibition of the proteolytic activity of APC/C required for the onset of anaphase by mitotic spindle checkpoint components ^BindingDB
        
        Inactivation of APC/C via direct inhibition of the APC/C complex ^BindingDB
        
        Phosphorylation of Emi1 ^BindingDB
        
        SCF-beta-TrCP mediated degradation of Emi1 ^BindingDB
  - S Phase ^BindingDB
    - Cyclin A:Cdk2-associated events at S phase entry ^BindingDB
      - SCF(Skp2)-mediated degradation of p27/p21 ^BindingDB
    - Synthesis of DNA ^BindingDB
      - DNA replication initiation ^BindingDB
      - DNA strand elongation ^BindingDB
        
        Lagging Strand Synthesis ^BindingDB
        
        Polymerase switching ^BindingDB
        
        Processive synthesis on the lagging strand ^BindingDB
        
        Removal of the Flap Intermediate ^BindingDB
        
        Leading Strand Synthesis ^BindingDB
        
        Polymerase switching ^BindingDB
        
        Unwinding of DNA ^BindingDB
      - Switching of origins to a post-replicative state ^BindingDB
        
        CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6 ^BindingDB
        
        Orc1 removal from chromatin ^BindingDB
    - Ubiquitin-dependent degradation of Cyclin D ^BindingDB
- Chromosome Maintenance ^BindingDB
  - Nucleosome assembly ^BindingDB
    - Deposition of new CENPA-containing nucleosomes at the centromere ^BindingDB
  - Telomere Maintenance ^BindingDB
    - Extension of Telomeres ^BindingDB
      - Telomere C-strand (Lagging Strand) Synthesis ^BindingDB
        
        Polymerase switching on the C-strand of the telomere ^BindingDB
        
        Processive synthesis on the C-strand of the telomere ^BindingDB
        
        Removal of the Flap Intermediate from the C-strand ^BindingDB
        
        Telomere C-strand synthesis initiation ^BindingDB
      - Telomere Extension By Telomerase ^BindingDB
    - Inhibition of DNA recombination at telomere ^BindingDB
    - Packaging Of Telomere Ends ^BindingDB
- Meiosis ^BindingDB
  - Meiotic recombination ^BindingDB
  - Meiotic synapsis ^BindingDB
Cell-Cell communication ^BindingDB
- Cell junction organization ^BindingDB
  - Cell-cell junction organization ^BindingDB
    - Adherens junctions interactions ^BindingDB
      - Regulation of Homotypic Cell-Cell Adhesion ^BindingDB
        
        Regulation of Expression and Function of Type II Classical Cadherins ^BindingDB
        
        Regulation of CDH11 Expression and Function ^BindingDB
        
        Regulation of CDH11 function ^BindingDB
- Nephrin family interactions ^BindingDB
- Signal regulatory protein family interactions ^BindingDB
Cellular responses to stimuli ^BindingDB
- Cellular responses to stress ^BindingDB
  - Cellular response to chemical stress ^BindingDB
    - Detoxification of Reactive Oxygen Species ^BindingDB
    - KEAP1-NFE2L2 pathway ^BindingDB
  - Cellular response to heat stress ^BindingDB
    - HSF1 activation ^BindingDB
    - HSF1-dependent transactivation ^BindingDB
  - HSP90 chaperone cycle for steroid hormone receptors (SHR) in the presence of ligand ^BindingDB
Chromatin organization ^BindingDB
- Chromatin modifying enzymes ^BindingDB
  - HDACs deacetylate histones ^BindingDB
Circadian Clock ^BindingDB
- BMAL1:CLOCK,NPAS2 activates circadian gene expression ^BindingDB
- NR1D1 (REV-ERBA) represses gene expression ^BindingDB
- RORA activates gene expression ^BindingDB
DNA Repair ^BindingDB
- Base Excision Repair ^BindingDB
  - Resolution of Abasic Sites (AP sites) ^BindingDB
    - APEX1-Independent Resolution of AP Sites via the Single Nucleotide Replacement Pathway ^BindingDB
    - Resolution of AP sites via the multiple-nucleotide patch replacement pathway ^BindingDB
      - PCNA-Dependent Long Patch Base Excision Repair ^BindingDB
      - POLB-Dependent Long Patch Base Excision Repair ^BindingDB
    - Resolution of AP sites via the single-nucleotide replacement pathway ^BindingDB
      - Abasic sugar-phosphate removal via the single-nucleotide replacement pathway ^BindingDB
- DNA Damage Bypass ^BindingDB
  - Translesion synthesis by Y family DNA polymerases bypasses lesions on DNA template ^BindingDB
    - Termination of translesion DNA synthesis ^BindingDB
    - Translesion Synthesis by POLH ^BindingDB
    - Translesion synthesis by POLI ^BindingDB
- DNA Double-Strand Break Repair ^BindingDB
  - DNA Double Strand Break Response ^BindingDB
    - Recruitment and ATM-mediated phosphorylation of repair and signaling proteins at DNA double strand breaks ^BindingDB
  - Homology Directed Repair ^BindingDB
    - HDR through Homologous Recombination (HRR) or Single Strand Annealing (SSA) ^BindingDB
      - HDR through Single Strand Annealing (SSA) ^BindingDB
    - HDR through MMEJ (alt-NHEJ) ^BindingDB
  - Nonhomologous End-Joining (NHEJ) ^BindingDB
- Nucleotide Excision Repair ^BindingDB
  - Global Genome Nucleotide Excision Repair (GG-NER) ^BindingDB
    - DNA Damage Recognition in GG-NER ^BindingDB
    - Dual Incision in GG-NER ^BindingDB
    - Formation of Incision Complex in GG-NER ^BindingDB
DNA Replication ^BindingDB
- DNA Replication Pre-Initiation ^BindingDB
  - Activation of the pre-replicative complex ^BindingDB
  - Assembly of the pre-replicative complex ^BindingDB
    - Assembly of the ORC complex at the origin of replication ^BindingDB
- Synthesis of DNA ^BindingDB
  - DNA replication initiation ^BindingDB
  - DNA strand elongation ^BindingDB
    - Lagging Strand Synthesis ^BindingDB
      - Polymerase switching ^BindingDB
      - Processive synthesis on the lagging strand ^BindingDB
        
        Removal of the Flap Intermediate ^BindingDB
    - Leading Strand Synthesis ^BindingDB
      - Polymerase switching ^BindingDB
    - Unwinding of DNA ^BindingDB
  - Switching of origins to a post-replicative state ^BindingDB
    - CDK-mediated phosphorylation and removal of Cdc6 ^BindingDB
    - Orc1 removal from chromatin ^BindingDB
Developmental Biology ^BindingDB
- Activation of HOX genes during differentiation ^BindingDB
  - Activation of anterior HOX genes in hindbrain development during early embryogenesis ^BindingDB
- Adipogenesis ^BindingDB
  - Transcriptional regulation of brown and beige adipocyte differentiation ^BindingDB
    - Transcriptional regulation of brown and beige adipocyte differentiation by EBF2 ^BindingDB
  - Transcriptional regulation of white adipocyte differentiation ^BindingDB
- Cardiogenesis ^BindingDB
- Developmental Cell Lineages ^BindingDB
  - Differentiation of keratinocytes in interfollicular epidermis in mammalian skin ^BindingDB
- Gastrulation ^BindingDB
  - Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) during gastrulation ^BindingDB
  - Formation of axial mesoderm ^BindingDB
  - Formation of definitive endoderm ^BindingDB
  - Formation of intermediate mesoderm ^BindingDB
  - Formation of lateral plate mesoderm ^BindingDB
  - Formation of paraxial mesoderm ^BindingDB
    - Somitogenesis ^BindingDB
  - Formation of the anterior neural plate ^BindingDB
  - Formation of the posterior neural plate ^BindingDB
  - Germ layer formation at gastrulation ^BindingDB
  - Specification of the neural plate border ^BindingDB
- Keratinization ^BindingDB
  - Formation of the cornified envelope ^BindingDB
- Kidney development ^BindingDB
  - Formation of the nephric duct ^BindingDB
  - Formation of the ureteric bud ^BindingDB
  - Nephron development ^BindingDB
- LGI-ADAM interactions ^BindingDB
- MITF-M-regulated melanocyte development ^BindingDB
  - MITF-M-dependent gene expression ^BindingDB
    - Regulation of MITF-M dependent genes involved in metabolism ^BindingDB
    - Regulation of MITF-M-dependent genes involved in DNA damage repair and senescence ^BindingDB
    - Regulation of MITF-M-dependent genes involved in apoptosis ^BindingDB
    - Regulation of MITF-M-dependent genes involved in cell cycle and proliferation ^BindingDB
    - Regulation of MITF-M-dependent genes involved in lysosome biogenesis and autophagy ^BindingDB
    - Regulation of MITF-M-dependent genes involved in pigmentation ^BindingDB
  - Transcriptional and post-translational regulation of MITF-M expression and activity ^BindingDB
- Maternal to zygotic transition (MZT) ^BindingDB
  - Chromatin modifications during the maternal to zygotic transition (MZT) ^BindingDB
  - M-decay: degradation of maternal mRNAs by maternally stored factors ^BindingDB
  - Replacement of protamines by nucleosomes in the male pronucleus ^BindingDB
  - Z-decay: degradation of maternal mRNAs by zygotically expressed factors ^BindingDB
  - Zygotic genome activation (ZGA) ^BindingDB
- Myogenesis ^BindingDB
- Nervous system development ^BindingDB
  - Axon guidance ^BindingDB
    - EPH-Ephrin signaling ^BindingDB
      - EPH-ephrin mediated repulsion of cells ^BindingDB
      - EPHA-mediated growth cone collapse ^BindingDB
      - EPHB-mediated forward signaling ^BindingDB
      - Ephrin signaling ^BindingDB
    - L1CAM interactions ^BindingDB
      - CHL1 interactions ^BindingDB
      - Interaction between L1 and Ankyrins ^BindingDB
      - Neurofascin interactions ^BindingDB
      - NrCAM interactions ^BindingDB
      - Recycling pathway of L1 ^BindingDB
      - Signal transduction by L1 ^BindingDB
    - NCAM signaling for neurite out-growth ^BindingDB
      - NCAM1 interactions ^BindingDB
    - Netrin-1 signaling ^BindingDB
      - DCC mediated attractive signaling ^BindingDB
      - Netrin mediated repulsion signals ^BindingDB
      - Role of second messengers in netrin-1 signaling ^BindingDB
    - RET signaling ^BindingDB
    - Reelin signalling pathway ^BindingDB
    - Semaphorin interactions ^BindingDB
      - CRMPs in Sema3A signaling ^BindingDB
      - Other semaphorin interactions ^BindingDB
      - SEMA3A-Plexin repulsion signaling by inhibiting Integrin adhesion ^BindingDB
      - Sema3A PAK dependent Axon repulsion ^BindingDB
      - Sema4D in semaphorin signaling ^BindingDB
        
        Sema4D induced cell migration and growth-cone collapse ^BindingDB
        
        Sema4D mediated inhibition of cell attachment and migration ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by ROBO receptors ^BindingDB
      - Activation of RAC1 ^BindingDB
      - Inactivation of CDC42 and RAC1 ^BindingDB
      - ROBO receptors bind AKAP5 ^BindingDB
      - Regulation of commissural axon pathfinding by SLIT and ROBO ^BindingDB
      - Regulation of expression of SLITs and ROBOs ^BindingDB
      - Role of ABL in ROBO-SLIT signaling ^BindingDB
      - SLIT2:ROBO1 increases RHOA activity ^BindingDB
  - EGR2 and SOX10-mediated initiation of Schwann cell myelination ^BindingDB
- Regulation of beta-cell development ^BindingDB
  - Regulation of gene expression in beta cells ^BindingDB
    - AKT-mediated inactivation of FOXO1A ^BindingDB
  - Regulation of gene expression in late stage (branching morphogenesis) pancreatic bud precursor cells ^BindingDB
- Signaling by NODAL ^BindingDB
  - Regulation of signaling by NODAL ^BindingDB
- Transcriptional regulation of granulopoiesis ^BindingDB
- Transcriptional regulation of pluripotent stem cells ^BindingDB
  - POU5F1 (OCT4), SOX2, NANOG activate genes related to proliferation ^BindingDB
  - POU5F1 (OCT4), SOX2, NANOG repress genes related to differentiation ^BindingDB
- Transcriptional regulation of testis differentiation ^BindingDB
Digestion and absorption ^BindingDB
- Digestion ^BindingDB
  - Digestion of dietary carbohydrate ^BindingDB
- Intestinal absorption ^BindingDB
  - Intestinal hexose absorption ^BindingDB
  - Intestinal lipid absorption ^BindingDB
Disease ^BindingDB
- Diseases of DNA repair ^BindingDB
  - Diseases of Base Excision Repair ^BindingDB
    - Defective Base Excision Repair Associated with OGG1 ^BindingDB
      - Defective OGG1 Substrate Binding ^BindingDB
      - Defective OGG1 Substrate Processing ^BindingDB
  - Diseases of DNA Double-Strand Break Repair ^BindingDB
    - Defective DNA double strand break response due to BARD1 loss of function ^BindingDB
    - Defective DNA double strand break response due to BRCA1 loss of function ^BindingDB
    - Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to BRCA1 loss of function ^BindingDB
    - Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to BRCA2 loss of function ^BindingDB
      - Impaired BRCA2 binding to PALB2 ^BindingDB
      - Impaired BRCA2 binding to RAD51 ^BindingDB
      - Impaired BRCA2 binding to SEM1 (DSS1) ^BindingDB
      - Impaired BRCA2 translocation to the nucleus ^BindingDB
    - Defective homologous recombination repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of function ^BindingDB
      - Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA1 binding function ^BindingDB
      - Defective HDR through Homologous Recombination Repair (HRR) due to PALB2 loss of BRCA2/RAD51/RAD51C binding function ^BindingDB
- Diseases of Immune System ^BindingDB
  - Diseases associated with the TLR signaling cascade ^BindingDB
    - Defective regulation of TLR7 by endogenous ligand ^BindingDB
    - IKBKB deficiency causes SCID ^BindingDB
    - IKBKG deficiency causes anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency (EDA-ID) (via TLR) ^BindingDB
    - IRAK4 deficiency (TLR2/4) ^BindingDB
    - IRAK4 deficiency (TLR5) ^BindingDB
    - IkBA variant leads to EDA-ID ^BindingDB
    - MyD88 deficiency (TLR2/4) ^BindingDB
    - MyD88 deficiency (TLR5) ^BindingDB
    - TICAM1 deficiency - HSE ^BindingDB
    - TLR3 deficiency - HSE ^BindingDB
    - TRAF3 deficiency - HSE ^BindingDB
    - UNC93B1 deficiency - HSE ^BindingDB
- Diseases of cellular response to stress ^BindingDB
  - Diseases of Cellular Senescence ^BindingDB
    - Evasion of Oncogene Induced Senescence Due to p16INK4A Defects ^BindingDB
      - Evasion of Oncogene Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A binding to CDK4 ^BindingDB
      - Evasion of Oncogene Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A binding to CDK4 and CDK6 ^BindingDB
    - Evasion of Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence Due to p16INK4A Defects ^BindingDB
      - Evasion of Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A binding to CDK4 ^BindingDB
      - Evasion of Oxidative Stress Induced Senescence Due to Defective p16INK4A binding to CDK4 and CDK6 ^BindingDB
- Diseases of hemostasis ^BindingDB
  - Defects of contact activation system (CAS) and kallikrein/kinin system (KKS) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SERPING1 causes hereditary angioedema ^BindingDB
    - Defective factor IX causes hemophilia B ^BindingDB
      - Defective F9 activation ^BindingDB
      - Defective F9 secretion ^BindingDB
      - Defective F9 variant does not activate FX ^BindingDB
      - Defective gamma-carboxylation of F9 ^BindingDB
    - Defective factor IX causes thrombophilia ^BindingDB
    - Defective factor VIII causes hemophilia A ^BindingDB
      - Defective F8 accelerates dissociation of the A2 domain ^BindingDB
      - Defective F8 binding to the cell membrane ^BindingDB
      - Defective F8 binding to von Willebrand factor ^BindingDB
      - Defective F8 cleavage by thrombin ^BindingDB
      - Defective F8 secretion ^BindingDB
      - Defective F8 sulfation at Y1699 ^BindingDB
      - Defective cofactor function of FVIIIa variant ^BindingDB
    - Defective factor XII causes hereditary angioedema ^BindingDB
  - Defects of platelet adhesion to exposed collagen ^BindingDB
    - Defective VWF cleavage by ADAMTS13 variant ^BindingDB
    - Enhanced cleavage of VWF variant by ADAMTS13 ^BindingDB
- Diseases of metabolism ^BindingDB
  - Abnormal conversion of 2-oxoglutarate to 2-hydroxyglutarate ^BindingDB
  - Defective ACTH causes obesity and POMCD ^BindingDB
  - Defects in vitamin and cofactor metabolism ^BindingDB
    - Defects in biotin (Btn) metabolism ^BindingDB
      - Defective BTD causes biotidinase deficiency ^BindingDB
      - Defective HLCS causes multiple carboxylase deficiency ^BindingDB
    - Defects in cobalamin (B12) metabolism ^BindingDB
      - Defective MTR causes HMAG ^BindingDB
      - Defective MTRR causes HMAE ^BindingDB
  - Diseases associated with surfactant metabolism ^BindingDB
    - Defective CSF2RA causes SMDP4 ^BindingDB
    - Defective CSF2RB causes SMDP5 ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC34A2 causes PALM ^BindingDB
  - Diseases of carbohydrate metabolism ^BindingDB
    - Essential fructosuria ^BindingDB
    - Glycogen storage diseases ^BindingDB
      - Glycogen storage disease type 0 (liver GYS2) ^BindingDB
      - Glycogen storage disease type 0 (muscle GYS1) ^BindingDB
      - Glycogen storage disease type II (GAA) ^BindingDB
      - Glycogen storage disease type IV (GBE1) ^BindingDB
      - Glycogen storage disease type Ia (G6PC) ^BindingDB
      - Glycogen storage disease type Ib (SLC37A4) ^BindingDB
      - Glycogen storage disease type XV (GYG1) ^BindingDB
      - Myoclonic epilepsy of Lafora ^BindingDB
    - Intestinal saccharidase deficiencies ^BindingDB
    - Mucopolysaccharidoses ^BindingDB
      - MPS I - Hurler syndrome ^BindingDB
      - MPS IV - Morquio syndrome B ^BindingDB
      - MPS IX - Natowicz syndrome ^BindingDB
      - MPS VII - Sly syndrome ^BindingDB
  - Diseases of glycosylation ^BindingDB
    - Diseases associated with N-glycosylation of proteins ^BindingDB
      - Defective B4GALT1 causes CDG-2d ^BindingDB
      - Defective DPAGT1 causes CDG-1j, CMSTA2 ^BindingDB
      - Defective MAN1B1 causes MRT15 ^BindingDB
      - Defective MGAT2 causes CDG-2a ^BindingDB
      - Defective NEU1 causes sialidosis ^BindingDB
    - Diseases associated with O-glycosylation of proteins ^BindingDB
      - Defective B3GALTL causes PpS ^BindingDB
      - Defective GALNT3 causes HFTC ^BindingDB
      - Defective LARGE causes MDDGA6 and MDDGB6 ^BindingDB
      - Defective LFNG causes SCDO3 ^BindingDB
    - Diseases associated with glycosaminoglycan metabolism ^BindingDB
      - Defective B3GALT6 causes EDSP2 and SEMDJL1 ^BindingDB
      - Defective B3GAT3 causes JDSSDHD ^BindingDB
      - Defective B4GALT1 causes B4GALT1-CDG (CDG-2d) ^BindingDB
      - Defective B4GALT7 causes EDS, progeroid type ^BindingDB
      - Defective EXT1 causes exostoses 1, TRPS2 and CHDS ^BindingDB
      - Defective EXT2 causes exostoses 2 ^BindingDB
      - Defective HEXA causes GM2G1 ^BindingDB
      - Defective HEXB causes GM2G2 ^BindingDB
      - Defective PAPSS2 causes SEMD-PA ^BindingDB
    - Diseases associated with glycosylation precursor biosynthesis ^BindingDB
      - Defective GALE causes EDG ^BindingDB
      - Defective GALK1 causes GALCT2 ^BindingDB
      - Defective GFPT1 causes CMSTA1 ^BindingDB
      - Defective GNE causes sialuria, NK and IBM2 ^BindingDB
      - Defective MPI causes MPI-CDG ^BindingDB
      - Defective PMM2 causes PMM2-CDG ^BindingDB
  - Diseases of nucleotide metabolism ^BindingDB
    - Nucleotide catabolism defects ^BindingDB
      - Defective PNP disrupts phosphorolysis of (deoxy)guanosine and (deoxy)inosine ^BindingDB
    - Nucleotide salvage defects ^BindingDB
      - Defective ADA disrupts (deoxy)adenosine deamination ^BindingDB
      - Defective HPRT1 disrupts guanine and hypoxanthine salvage ^BindingDB
  - Metabolic disorders of biological oxidation enzymes ^BindingDB
    - Defective AHCY causes HMAHCHD ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP11A1 causes AICSR ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP11B1 causes AH4 ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP11B2 causes CMO-1 deficiency ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP17A1 causes AH5 ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP19A1 causes AEXS ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP1B1 causes Glaucoma ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP21A2 causes AH3 ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP24A1 causes HCAI ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP26B1 causes RHFCA ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP27A1 causes CTX ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP27B1 causes VDDR1A ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP27B1 causes VDDR1B ^BindingDB
    - Defective CYP2U1 causes SPG56 ^BindingDB
    - Defective GCLC causes HAGGSD ^BindingDB
    - Defective GGT1 causes GLUTH ^BindingDB
    - Defective GGT1 in aflatoxin detoxification causes GLUTH ^BindingDB
    - Defective MAOA causes BRUNS ^BindingDB
    - Defective TBXAS1 causes GHDD ^BindingDB
    - Defective TPMT causes TPMT deficiency ^BindingDB
    - Defective UGT1A1 causes hyperbilirubinemia ^BindingDB
    - Defective UGT1A4 causes hyperbilirubinemia ^BindingDB
  - Phenylketonuria ^BindingDB
- Diseases of mitotic cell cycle ^BindingDB
  - Aberrant regulation of mitotic cell cycle due to RB1 defects ^BindingDB
    - Aberrant regulation of mitotic G1/S transition in cancer due to RB1 defects ^BindingDB
      - Defective binding of RB1 mutants to E2F1,(E2F2, E2F3) ^BindingDB
      - Defective translocation of RB1 mutants to the nucleus ^BindingDB
    - Aberrant regulation of mitotic exit in cancer due to RB1 defects ^BindingDB
- Diseases of programmed cell death ^BindingDB
  - Defective Intrinsic Pathway for Apoptosis ^BindingDB
    - Loss of Function of TP53 in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - Loss of function of TP53 in cancer due to loss of tetramerization ability ^BindingDB
    - Neurodegenerative Diseases ^BindingDB
      - Deregulated CDK5 triggers multiple neurodegenerative pathways in Alzheimer's disease models ^BindingDB
  - Defective RIPK1-mediated regulated necrosis ^BindingDB
    - Microbial modulation of RIPK1-mediated regulated necrosis ^BindingDB
  - Defective pyroptosis ^BindingDB
- Diseases of signal transduction by growth factor receptors and second messengers ^BindingDB
  - FLT3 signaling in disease ^BindingDB
    - Drug resistance of FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - KW2449-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - crenolanib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - gilteritinib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - lestaurtinib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - linifanib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - midostaurin-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - pexidartinib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - ponatinib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - quizartinib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - semaxanib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - sorafenib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - sunitinib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - tamatinib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
      - tandutinib-resistant FLT3 mutants ^BindingDB
    - FLT3 mutants bind TKIs ^BindingDB
    - FLT3 signaling by CBL mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by FLT3 ITD and TKD mutants ^BindingDB
      - STAT5 activation downstream of FLT3 ITD mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by FLT3 fusion proteins ^BindingDB
  - Hh mutants abrogate ligand secretion ^BindingDB
    - HHAT G278V doesn't palmitoylate Hh-Np ^BindingDB
    - Hh mutants are degraded by ERAD ^BindingDB
  - Oncogenic MAPK signaling ^BindingDB
    - Paradoxical activation of RAF signaling by kinase inactive BRAF ^BindingDB
    - RAS signaling downstream of NF1 loss-of-function variants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by BRAF and RAF1 fusions ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by MAP2K mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by MAPK mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by MRAS-complex mutants ^BindingDB
      - Gain-of-function MRAS complexes activate RAF signaling ^BindingDB
      - SHOC2 M1731 mutant abolishes MRAS complex function ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by RAF1 mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by RAS mutants ^BindingDB
      - RAS GTPase cycle mutants ^BindingDB
        
        Signaling by RAS GAP mutants ^BindingDB
        
        Signaling by RAS GTPase mutants ^BindingDB
      - Signaling downstream of RAS mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by high-kinase activity BRAF mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by moderate kinase activity BRAF mutants ^BindingDB
  - PI3K/AKT Signaling in Cancer ^BindingDB
    - Constitutive Signaling by AKT1 E17K in Cancer ^BindingDB
    - Constitutive Signaling by Aberrant PI3K in Cancer ^BindingDB
    - PTEN Loss of Function in Cancer ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by ALK in cancer ^BindingDB
    - ALK mutants bind TKIs ^BindingDB
    - Drug resistance of ALK mutants ^BindingDB
      - ASP-3026-resistant ALK mutants ^BindingDB
      - NVP-TAE684-resistant ALK mutants ^BindingDB
      - alectinib-resistant ALK mutants ^BindingDB
      - brigatinib-resistant ALK mutants ^BindingDB
      - ceritinib-resistant ALK mutants ^BindingDB
      - crizotinib-resistant ALK mutants ^BindingDB
      - lorlatinib-resistant ALK mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by ALK fusions and activated point mutants ^BindingDB
      - Nuclear events stimulated by ALK signaling in cancer ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by EGFR in Cancer ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by EGFRvIII in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - Constitutive Signaling by EGFRvIII ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by Ligand-Responsive EGFR Variants in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - Constitutive Signaling by Ligand-Responsive EGFR Cancer Variants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by Overexpressed Wild-Type EGFR in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - Inhibition of Signaling by Overexpressed EGFR ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by ERBB2 in Cancer ^BindingDB
    - Constitutive Signaling by Overexpressed ERBB2 ^BindingDB
    - Drug resistance in ERBB2 KD mutants ^BindingDB
      - Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to AEE788 ^BindingDB
      - Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to afatinib ^BindingDB
      - Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to lapatinib ^BindingDB
      - Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to neratinib ^BindingDB
      - Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to osimertinib ^BindingDB
      - Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to sapitinib ^BindingDB
      - Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to tesevatinib ^BindingDB
      - Resistance of ERBB2 KD mutants to trastuzumab ^BindingDB
    - Drug resistance in ERBB2 TMD/JMD mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by ERBB2 ECD mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by ERBB2 KD Mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by ERBB2 TMD/JMD mutants ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by FGFR in disease ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by FGFR1 in disease ^BindingDB
      - FGFR1 mutant receptor activation ^BindingDB
        
        Signaling by activated point mutants of FGFR1 ^BindingDB
        
        Signaling by cytosolic FGFR1 fusion mutants ^BindingDB
        
        Signaling by plasma membrane FGFR1 fusions ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by FGFR2 in disease ^BindingDB
      - FGFR2 mutant receptor activation ^BindingDB
        
        Activated point mutants of FGFR2 ^BindingDB
        
        Signaling by FGFR2 IIIa TM ^BindingDB
        
        Signaling by FGFR2 amplification mutants ^BindingDB
        
        Signaling by FGFR2 fusions ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by FGFR3 in disease ^BindingDB
      - FGFR3 mutant receptor activation ^BindingDB
        
        Signaling by FGFR3 fusions in cancer ^BindingDB
        
        Signaling by activated point mutants of FGFR3 ^BindingDB
        
        t(4;14) translocations of FGFR3 ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by FGFR4 in disease ^BindingDB
      - FGFR4 mutant receptor activation ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by KIT in disease ^BindingDB
    - Drug resistance of KIT mutants ^BindingDB
      - Dasatinib-resistant KIT mutants ^BindingDB
      - Imatinib-resistant KIT mutants ^BindingDB
      - Masitinib-resistant KIT mutants ^BindingDB
      - Nilotinib-resistant KIT mutants ^BindingDB
      - Regorafenib-resistant KIT mutants ^BindingDB
      - Sorafenib-resistant KIT mutants ^BindingDB
      - Sunitinib-resistant KIT mutants ^BindingDB
    - KIT mutants bind TKIs ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by extracellular domain mutants of KIT ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by juxtamembrane domain KIT mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by kinase domain mutants of KIT ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by phosphorylated juxtamembrane, extracellular and kinase domain KIT mutants ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by LTK in cancer ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by NOTCH1 in Cancer ^BindingDB
    - FBXW7 Mutants and NOTCH1 in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - Loss of Function of FBXW7 in Cancer and NOTCH1 Signaling ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by NOTCH1 HD Domain Mutants in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD Domain Mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 HD+PEST Domain Mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 PEST Domain Mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by NOTCH1 t(7;9)(NOTCH1:M1580_K2555) Translocation Mutant ^BindingDB
      - Constitutive Signaling by NOTCH1 t(7;9)(NOTCH1:M1580_K2555) Translocation Mutant ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by PDGFR in disease ^BindingDB
    - Drug resistance of PDGFR mutants ^BindingDB
      - Imatinib-resistant PDGFR mutants ^BindingDB
      - Regorafenib-resistant PDGFR mutants ^BindingDB
      - Sorafenib-resistant PDGFR mutants ^BindingDB
      - Sunitinib-resistant PDGFR mutants ^BindingDB
    - PDGFR mutants bind TKIs ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by PDGFRA extracellular domain mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by PDGFRA transmembrane, juxtamembrane and kinase domain mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by cytosolic PDGFRA and PDGFRB fusion proteins ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by membrane-tethered fusions of PDGFRA or PDGFRB ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by TGF-beta Receptor Complex in Cancer ^BindingDB
    - Loss of Function of SMAD2/3 in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - SMAD2/3 MH2 Domain Mutants in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - SMAD2/3 Phosphorylation Motif Mutants in Cancer ^BindingDB
    - Loss of Function of SMAD4 in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - SMAD4 MH2 Domain Mutants in Cancer ^BindingDB
    - Loss of Function of TGFBR1 in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - TGFBR1 KD Mutants in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - TGFBR1 LBD Mutants in Cancer ^BindingDB
    - Loss of Function of TGFBR2 in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - TGFBR2 Kinase Domain Mutants in Cancer ^BindingDB
      - TGFBR2 MSI Frameshift Mutants in Cancer ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by WNT in cancer ^BindingDB
    - LGK974 inhibits PORCN ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by AMER1 mutants ^BindingDB
      - Truncations of AMER1 destabilize the destruction complex ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by APC mutants ^BindingDB
      - APC truncation mutants are not K63 polyubiquitinated ^BindingDB
      - APC truncation mutants have impaired AXIN binding ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by AXIN mutants ^BindingDB
      - AXIN missense mutants destabilize the destruction complex ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by CTNNB1 phospho-site mutants ^BindingDB
      - CTNNB1 S33 mutants aren't phosphorylated ^BindingDB
      - CTNNB1 S37 mutants aren't phosphorylated ^BindingDB
      - CTNNB1 S45 mutants aren't phosphorylated ^BindingDB
      - CTNNB1 T41 mutants aren't phosphorylated ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by GSK3beta mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by LRP5 mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by RNF43 mutants ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by TCF7L2 mutants ^BindingDB
    - XAV939 stabilizes AXIN ^BindingDB
- Diseases of the neuronal system ^BindingDB
  - Diseases associated with visual transduction ^BindingDB
    - Retinoid cycle disease events ^BindingDB
      - Biosynthesis of A2E, implicated in retinal degradation ^BindingDB
    - Retinoid metabolism disease events ^BindingDB
- Disorders of Developmental Biology ^BindingDB
  - Disorders of Nervous System Development ^BindingDB
    - Pervasive developmental disorders ^BindingDB
      - Loss of function of MECP2 in Rett syndrome ^BindingDB
        
        Loss of MECP2 binding ability to 5mC-DNA ^BindingDB
        
        Loss of MECP2 binding ability to the NCoR/SMRT complex ^BindingDB
        
        Loss of phosphorylation of MECP2 at T308 ^BindingDB
- Disorders of transmembrane transporters ^BindingDB
  - ABC transporter disorders ^BindingDB
    - Defective ABCB11 causes PFIC2 and BRIC2 ^BindingDB
    - Defective ABCB4 causes PFIC3, ICP3 and GBD1 ^BindingDB
    - Defective ABCB6 causes MCOPCB7 ^BindingDB
    - Defective ABCC2 causes DJS ^BindingDB
    - Defective ABCC8 can cause hypo- and hyper-glycemias ^BindingDB
    - Defective ABCC9 causes CMD10, ATFB12 and Cantu syndrome ^BindingDB
    - Defective CFTR causes cystic fibrosis ^BindingDB
  - SLC transporter disorders ^BindingDB
    - Defective AVP does not bind AVPR1A,B and causes neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus (NDI) ^BindingDB
    - Defective AVP does not bind AVPR2 and causes neurohypophyseal diabetes insipidus (NDI) ^BindingDB
    - Defective CP causes aceruloplasminemia (ACERULOP) ^BindingDB
    - Defective GCK causes maturity-onset diabetes of the young 2 (MODY2) ^BindingDB
    - Defective HK1 causes hexokinase deficiency (HK deficiency) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC11A2 causes hypochromic microcytic anemia, with iron overload 1 (AHMIO1) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC16A1 causes symptomatic deficiency in lactate transport (SDLT) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC17A5 causes Salla disease (SD) and ISSD ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC1A1 is implicated in schizophrenia 18 (SCZD18) and dicarboxylic aminoaciduria (DCBXA) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC1A3 causes episodic ataxia 6 (EA6) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC20A2 causes idiopathic basal ganglia calcification 1 (IBGC1) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC22A12 causes renal hypouricemia 1 (RHUC1) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC22A5 causes systemic primary carnitine deficiency (CDSP) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC26A4 causes Pendred syndrome (PDS) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC27A4 causes ichthyosis prematurity syndrome (IPS) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC2A1 causes GLUT1 deficiency syndrome 1 (GLUT1DS1) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC2A2 causes Fanconi-Bickel syndrome (FBS) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC2A9 causes hypouricemia renal 2 (RHUC2) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC33A1 causes spastic paraplegia 42 (SPG42) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC34A1 causes hypophosphatemic nephrolithiasis/osteoporosis 1 (NPHLOP1) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC34A2 causes pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis (PALM) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC34A3 causes Hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC40A1 causes hemochromatosis 4 (HFE4) (duodenum) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC40A1 causes hemochromatosis 4 (HFE4) (macrophages) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC5A1 causes congenital glucose/galactose malabsorption (GGM) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC5A2 causes renal glucosuria (GLYS1) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC5A7 causes distal hereditary motor neuronopathy 7A (HMN7A) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC6A2 causes orthostatic intolerance (OI) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC6A3 causes Parkinsonism-dystonia infantile (PKDYS) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLC6A5 causes hyperekplexia 3 (HKPX3) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLCO1B1 causes hyperbilirubinemia, Rotor type (HBLRR) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLCO1B3 causes hyperbilirubinemia, Rotor type (HBLRR) ^BindingDB
    - Defective SLCO2A1 causes primary, autosomal recessive hypertrophic osteoarthropathy 2 (PHOAR2) ^BindingDB
    - Defective TPR may confer susceptibility towards thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC) ^BindingDB
    - Variant SLC6A14 may confer susceptibility towards obesity ^BindingDB
- Infectious disease ^BindingDB
  - Bacterial Infection Pathways ^BindingDB
    - Infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis ^BindingDB
      - Antimicrobial action and antimicrobial resistance in Mtb ^BindingDB
      - Latent infection - Other responses of Mtb to phagocytosis ^BindingDB
        
        Cell redox homeostasis ^BindingDB
      - Modulation by Mtb of host immune system ^BindingDB
      - Response of Mtb to phagocytosis ^BindingDB
        
        Manipulation of host energy metabolism ^BindingDB
        
        Suppression of apoptosis ^BindingDB
        
        Suppression of autophagy ^BindingDB
        
        Suppression of phagosomal maturation ^BindingDB
        
        Blockage of phagosome acidification ^BindingDB
        
        Inhibition of nitric oxide production ^BindingDB
        
        Prevention of phagosomal-lysosomal fusion ^BindingDB
    - Listeria monocytogenes entry into host cells ^BindingDB
      - InlA-mediated entry of Listeria monocytogenes into host cells ^BindingDB
      - InlB-mediated entry of Listeria monocytogenes into host cell ^BindingDB
    - Uptake and actions of bacterial toxins ^BindingDB
      - Neurotoxicity of clostridium toxins ^BindingDB
        
        Toxicity of botulinum toxin type A (botA) ^BindingDB
        
        Toxicity of botulinum toxin type B (botB) ^BindingDB
        
        Toxicity of botulinum toxin type D (botD) ^BindingDB
        
        Toxicity of botulinum toxin type E (botE) ^BindingDB
        
        Toxicity of botulinum toxin type F (botF) ^BindingDB
        
        Toxicity of tetanus toxin (tetX) ^BindingDB
      - Uptake and function of anthrax toxins ^BindingDB
      - Uptake and function of diphtheria toxin ^BindingDB
  - Parasitic Infection Pathways ^BindingDB
    - Leishmania infection ^BindingDB
      - Cell recruitment (pro-inflammatory response) ^BindingDB
        
        Purinergic signaling in leishmaniasis infection ^BindingDB
      - Killing mechanisms ^BindingDB
        
        WNT5:FZD7-mediated leishmania damping ^BindingDB
      - Leishmania parasite growth and survival ^BindingDB
        
        Anti-inflammatory response favouring Leishmania parasite infection ^BindingDB
        
        ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production ^BindingDB
        
        CD163 mediating an anti-inflammatory response ^BindingDB
        
        FCGR3A-mediated IL10 synthesis ^BindingDB
        
        LTC4-CYSLTR mediated IL4 production ^BindingDB
      - Parasite infection ^BindingDB
        
        Leishmania phagocytosis ^BindingDB
        
        FCGR3A-mediated phagocytosis ^BindingDB
  - Viral Infection Pathways ^BindingDB
    - HCMV Infection ^BindingDB
      - HCMV Early Events ^BindingDB
      - HCMV Late Events ^BindingDB
    - HIV Infection ^BindingDB
      - HIV Life Cycle ^BindingDB
        
        Early Phase of HIV Life Cycle ^BindingDB
        
        Binding and entry of HIV virion ^BindingDB
        
        Integration of provirus ^BindingDB
        
        2-LTR circle formation ^BindingDB
        
        Autointegration results in viral DNA circles ^BindingDB
        
        Integration of viral DNA into host genomic DNA ^BindingDB
        
        Reverse Transcription of HIV RNA ^BindingDB
        
        Minus-strand DNA synthesis ^BindingDB
        
        Plus-strand DNA synthesis ^BindingDB
        
        Uncoating of the HIV Virion ^BindingDB
        
        Late Phase of HIV Life Cycle ^BindingDB
        
        Assembly Of The HIV Virion ^BindingDB
        
        Synthesis And Processing Of GAG, GAGPOL Polyproteins ^BindingDB
        
        Membrane binding and targetting of GAG proteins ^BindingDB
        
        Synthesis and processing of ENV and VPU ^BindingDB
        
        Budding and maturation of HIV virion ^BindingDB
        
        Rev-mediated nuclear export of HIV RNA ^BindingDB
        
        Transcription of the HIV genome ^BindingDB
        
        Formation of HIV elongation complex in the absence of HIV Tat ^BindingDB
        
        HIV Transcription Elongation ^BindingDB
        
        Abortive elongation of HIV-1 transcript in the absence of Tat ^BindingDB
        
        Formation of the HIV-1 Early Elongation Complex ^BindingDB
        
        Tat-mediated elongation of the HIV-1 transcript ^BindingDB
        
        Formation of HIV-1 elongation complex containing HIV-1 Tat ^BindingDB
        
        HIV Transcription Initiation ^BindingDB
        
        HIV elongation arrest and recovery ^BindingDB
        
        Pausing and recovery of HIV elongation ^BindingDB
        
        Pausing and recovery of Tat-mediated HIV elongation ^BindingDB
        
        RNA Pol II CTD phosphorylation and interaction with CE during HIV infection ^BindingDB
        
        RNA Polymerase II HIV Promoter Escape ^BindingDB
        
        Tat-mediated HIV elongation arrest and recovery ^BindingDB
      - Host Interactions of HIV factors ^BindingDB
        
        APOBEC3G mediated resistance to HIV-1 infection ^BindingDB
        
        Interactions of Rev with host cellular proteins ^BindingDB
        
        Nuclear import of Rev protein ^BindingDB
        
        Rev-mediated nuclear export of HIV RNA ^BindingDB
        
        Interactions of Tat with host cellular proteins ^BindingDB
        
        Interactions of Vpr with host cellular proteins ^BindingDB
        
        Vpr-mediated nuclear import of PICs ^BindingDB
        
        The role of Nef in HIV-1 replication and disease pathogenesis ^BindingDB
        
        Nef and signal transduction ^BindingDB
        
        Nef-mediates down modulation of cell surface receptors by recruiting them to clathrin adapters ^BindingDB
        
        Nef Mediated CD4 Down-regulation ^BindingDB
        
        Nef mediated downregulation of MHC class I complex cell surface expression ^BindingDB
        
        Vif-mediated degradation of APOBEC3G ^BindingDB
        
        Vpu mediated degradation of CD4 ^BindingDB
    - Influenza Infection ^BindingDB
      - Entry of Influenza Virion into Host Cell via Endocytosis ^BindingDB
      - Export of Viral Ribonucleoproteins from Nucleus ^BindingDB
        
        NEP/NS2 Interacts with the Cellular Export Machinery ^BindingDB
        
        Viral RNP Complexes in the Host Cell Nucleus ^BindingDB
      - Fusion and Uncoating of the Influenza Virion ^BindingDB
        
        Fusion of the Influenza Virion to the Host Cell Endosome ^BindingDB
        
        Uncoating of the Influenza Virion ^BindingDB
      - Influenza Viral RNA Transcription and Replication ^BindingDB
        
        Viral Messenger RNA Synthesis ^BindingDB
        
        Viral mRNA Translation ^BindingDB
        
        cRNA Synthesis ^BindingDB
        
        vRNA Synthesis ^BindingDB
        
        vRNP Assembly ^BindingDB
      - Influenza Virus Induced Apoptosis ^BindingDB
      - NS1 Mediated Effects on Host Pathways ^BindingDB
        
        Inhibition of PKR ^BindingDB
      - Transport of Ribonucleoproteins into the Host Nucleus ^BindingDB
      - Virus Assembly and Release ^BindingDB
        
        Assembly of Viral Components at the Budding Site ^BindingDB
        
        Transport of HA trimer, NA tetramer and M2 tetramer from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi Apparatus ^BindingDB
        
        Budding ^BindingDB
        
        Packaging of Eight RNA Segments ^BindingDB
        
        Release ^BindingDB
    - Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection Pathway ^BindingDB
      - Assembly and release of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) virions ^BindingDB
      - RSV-host interactions ^BindingDB
        
        Evasion by RSV of host interferon responses ^BindingDB
      - Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) attachment and entry ^BindingDB
      - Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) genome replication, transcription and translation ^BindingDB
        
        Maturation of hRSV A proteins ^BindingDB
        
        Respiratory syncytial virus genome replication ^BindingDB
        
        Respiratory syncytial virus genome transcription ^BindingDB
        
        Translation of respiratory syncytial virus mRNAs ^BindingDB
    - SARS-CoV Infections ^BindingDB
      - Potential therapeutics for SARS ^BindingDB
      - SARS-CoV-1 Infection ^BindingDB
        
        Attachment and Entry ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-1 Genome Replication and Transcription ^BindingDB
        
        Replication of the SARS-CoV-1 genome ^BindingDB
        
        Transcription of SARS-CoV-1 sgRNAs ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-1-host interactions ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-1 activates/modulates innate immune responses ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-1 modulates host translation machinery ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-1 targets host intracellular signalling and regulatory pathways ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-1-mediated effects on programmed cell death ^BindingDB
        
        Translation of Replicase and Assembly of the Replication Transcription Complex ^BindingDB
        
        Assembly of the SARS-CoV-1 Replication-Transcription Complex (RTC) ^BindingDB
        
        Maturation of replicase proteins ^BindingDB
        
        Translation of Structural Proteins ^BindingDB
        
        Maturation of nucleoprotein ^BindingDB
        
        Maturation of protein 3a ^BindingDB
        
        Maturation of spike protein ^BindingDB
        
        Virion Assembly and Release ^BindingDB
      - SARS-CoV-2 Infection ^BindingDB
        
        Early SARS-CoV-2 Infection Events ^BindingDB
        
        Attachment and Entry ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-2 Genome Replication and Transcription ^BindingDB
        
        Replication of the SARS-CoV-2 genome ^BindingDB
        
        Transcription of SARS-CoV-2 sgRNAs ^BindingDB
        
        Translation of Replicase and Assembly of the Replication Transcription Complex ^BindingDB
        
        Assembly of the SARS-CoV-2 Replication-Transcription Complex (RTC) ^BindingDB
        
        Maturation of replicase proteins ^BindingDB
        
        Late SARS-CoV-2 Infection Events ^BindingDB
        
        Induction of Cell-Cell Fusion ^BindingDB
        
        Translation of Structural Proteins ^BindingDB
        
        Maturation of nucleoprotein ^BindingDB
        
        Maturation of protein 3a ^BindingDB
        
        Maturation of spike protein ^BindingDB
        
        Virion Assembly and Release ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-2-host interactions ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-2 activates/modulates innate and adaptive immune responses ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-2 modulates autophagy ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-2 modulates host translation machinery ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-2 targets PDZ proteins in cell-cell junction ^BindingDB
        
        SARS-CoV-2 targets host intracellular signalling and regulatory pathways ^BindingDB
Drosophila signaling pathways ^BindingDB
- Planar Cell Polarity pathway ^BindingDB
  - Activation of Downstream Effectors ^BindingDB
    - RHO1 signalling ^BindingDB
      - Activation of non-muscle Myosin II ^BindingDB
Drug ADME ^BindingDB
- Azathioprine ADME ^BindingDB
- Paracetamol ADME ^BindingDB
Extracellular matrix organization ^BindingDB
- Collagen formation ^BindingDB
  - Assembly of collagen fibrils and other multimeric structures ^BindingDB
    - Crosslinking of collagen fibrils ^BindingDB
  - Collagen biosynthesis and modifying enzymes ^BindingDB
- Degradation of the extracellular matrix ^BindingDB
  - Activation of Matrix Metalloproteinases ^BindingDB
  - Collagen degradation ^BindingDB
- ECM proteoglycans ^BindingDB
- Elastic fibre formation ^BindingDB
  - Molecules associated with elastic fibres ^BindingDB
- Integrin cell surface interactions ^BindingDB
- Non-integrin membrane-ECM interactions ^BindingDB
  - Syndecan interactions ^BindingDB
Gene expression (Transcription) ^BindingDB
- Epigenetic regulation of gene expression ^BindingDB
  - Negative epigenetic regulation of rRNA expression ^BindingDB
    - SIRT1 negatively regulates rRNA expression ^BindingDB
  - PRC2 methylates histones and DNA ^BindingDB
- RNA Polymerase II Transcription ^BindingDB
  - Generic Transcription Pathway ^BindingDB
    - Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway ^BindingDB
    - Transcriptional Regulation by E2F6 ^BindingDB
    - Transcriptional Regulation by TP53 ^BindingDB
      - Regulation of TP53 Activity ^BindingDB
        
        Regulation of TP53 Activity through Methylation ^BindingDB
Hemostasis ^BindingDB
- Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall ^BindingDB
  - Basigin interactions ^BindingDB
  - PECAM1 interactions ^BindingDB
  - Tie2 Signaling ^BindingDB
- Dissolution of Fibrin Clot ^BindingDB
- Factors involved in megakaryocyte development and platelet production ^BindingDB
  - Kinesins ^BindingDB
- Formation of Fibrin Clot (Clotting Cascade) ^BindingDB
  - Common Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation ^BindingDB
  - Extrinsic Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation ^BindingDB
  - Intrinsic Pathway of Fibrin Clot Formation ^BindingDB
- Platelet Adhesion to exposed collagen ^BindingDB
- Platelet activation, signaling and aggregation ^BindingDB
  - Effects of PIP2 hydrolysis ^BindingDB
    - Arachidonate production from DAG ^BindingDB
  - GP1b-IX-V activation signalling ^BindingDB
  - GPVI-mediated activation cascade ^BindingDB
  - Platelet Aggregation (Plug Formation) ^BindingDB
    - Adrenaline signalling through Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor ^BindingDB
    - Integrin signaling ^BindingDB
      - GRB2:SOS provides linkage to MAPK signaling for Integrins ^BindingDB
      - p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins ^BindingDB
  - Response to elevated platelet cytosolic Ca2+ ^BindingDB
    - Disinhibition of SNARE formation ^BindingDB
    - Platelet degranulation ^BindingDB
  - Signal amplification ^BindingDB
    - ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1 ^BindingDB
    - ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12 ^BindingDB
    - Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor ^BindingDB
  - Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs) ^BindingDB
- Platelet homeostasis ^BindingDB
  - Nitric oxide stimulates guanylate cyclase ^BindingDB
    - cGMP effects ^BindingDB
  - Platelet calcium homeostasis ^BindingDB
    - Elevation of cytosolic Ca2+ levels ^BindingDB
    - Reduction of cytosolic Ca++ levels ^BindingDB
  - Platelet sensitization by LDL ^BindingDB
  - Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor ^BindingDB
Immune System ^BindingDB
- Adaptive Immune System ^BindingDB
  - MHC class II antigen presentation ^BindingDB
- Cytokine Signaling in Immune system ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by Interleukins ^BindingDB
    - Interleukin-1 family signaling ^BindingDB
      - Interleukin-1 signaling ^BindingDB
    - Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling ^BindingDB
    - Other interleukin signaling ^BindingDB
- Innate Immune System ^BindingDB
  - Neutrophil degranulation ^BindingDB
  - Toll-like Receptor Cascades ^BindingDB
    - Trafficking and processing of endosomal TLR ^BindingDB
Metabolism ^BindingDB
- Biological oxidations ^BindingDB
  - Phase I - Functionalization of compounds ^BindingDB
- Metabolism of lipids ^BindingDB
  - Fatty acid metabolism ^BindingDB
    - Carnitine metabolism ^BindingDB
  - Metabolism of steroids ^BindingDB
    - Bile acid and bile salt metabolism ^BindingDB
      - Recycling of bile acids and salts ^BindingDB
  - Phospholipid metabolism ^BindingDB
    - Glycerophospholipid biosynthesis ^BindingDB
      - Synthesis of PC ^BindingDB
  - Regulation of lipid metabolism by PPARalpha ^BindingDB
- Metabolism of nucleotides ^BindingDB
  - Nucleotide salvage ^BindingDB
    - Pyrimidine salvage ^BindingDB
- Metabolism of porphyrins ^BindingDB
  - Heme biosynthesis ^BindingDB
- Reversible hydration of carbon dioxide ^BindingDB
Metabolism of RNA ^BindingDB
- Regulation of mRNA stability by proteins that bind AU-rich elements ^BindingDB
  - AUF1 (hnRNP D0) binds and destabilizes mRNA ^BindingDB
  - Butyrate Response Factor 1 (BRF1) binds and destabilizes mRNA ^BindingDB
  - HuR (ELAVL1) binds and stabilizes mRNA ^BindingDB
  - KSRP (KHSRP) binds and destabilizes mRNA ^BindingDB
- rRNA processing ^BindingDB
  - rRNA processing in the nucleus and cytosol ^BindingDB
    - Major pathway of rRNA processing in the nucleolus and cytosol ^BindingDB
Metabolism of proteins ^BindingDB
- Post-translational protein modification ^BindingDB
  - Neddylation ^BindingDB
Muscle contraction ^BindingDB
- Cardiac conduction ^BindingDB
  - Ion homeostasis ^BindingDB
  - Phase 0 - rapid depolarisation ^BindingDB
  - Phase 1 - inactivation of fast Na+ channels ^BindingDB
  - Phase 2 - plateau phase ^BindingDB
  - Phase 3 - rapid repolarisation ^BindingDB
  - Phase 4 - resting membrane potential ^BindingDB
  - Physiological factors ^BindingDB
- Smooth Muscle Contraction ^BindingDB
- Striated Muscle Contraction ^BindingDB
Mycobacterium tuberculosis biological processes ^BindingDB
- Chorismate via Shikimate Pathway ^BindingDB
- Dimycocersyl phthiocerol biosynthesis ^BindingDB
- Mycothiol metabolism ^BindingDB
  - Mycothiol biosynthesis ^BindingDB
  - Mycothiol catabolism ^BindingDB
  - Mycothiol-dependent detoxification ^BindingDB
- Sulfur compound metabolism ^BindingDB
  - Sulfur amino acid metabolism ^BindingDB
    - Cysteine synthesis from O-acetylserine ^BindingDB
    - Cysteine synthesis from O-phosphoserine ^BindingDB
Neuronal System ^BindingDB
- Transmission across Chemical Synapses ^BindingDB
  - Neurotransmitter receptors and postsynaptic signal transmission ^BindingDB
    - Acetylcholine binding and downstream events ^BindingDB
      - Postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ^BindingDB
        
        Highly calcium permeable postsynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ^BindingDB
        
        Highly sodium permeable postsynaptic acetylcholine nicotinic receptors ^BindingDB
      - Presynaptic nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ^BindingDB
        
        Highly calcium permeable nicotinic acetylcholine receptors ^BindingDB
        
        Highly sodium permeable postsynaptic acetylcholine nicotinic receptors ^BindingDB
Organelle biogenesis and maintenance ^BindingDB
- Cilium Assembly ^BindingDB
  - Anchoring of the basal body to the plasma membrane ^BindingDB
  - Cargo trafficking to the periciliary membrane ^BindingDB
    - ARL13B-mediated ciliary trafficking of INPP5E ^BindingDB
    - VxPx cargo-targeting to cilium ^BindingDB
- Mitochondrial biogenesis ^BindingDB
  - Cristae formation ^BindingDB
Programmed Cell Death ^BindingDB
- Regulated Necrosis ^BindingDB
  - RIPK1-mediated regulated necrosis ^BindingDB
    - Regulation of necroptotic cell death ^BindingDB
Protein localization ^BindingDB
- Peroxisomal protein import ^BindingDB
Reproduction ^BindingDB
- Fertilization ^BindingDB
  - Acrosome Reaction and Sperm:Oocyte Membrane Binding ^BindingDB
  - Interaction With Cumulus Cells And The Zona Pellucida ^BindingDB
- Meiosis ^BindingDB
  - Meiotic recombination ^BindingDB
  - Meiotic synapsis ^BindingDB
- Specification of primordial germ cells ^BindingDB
Sensory Perception ^BindingDB
- Visual phototransduction ^BindingDB
  - The phototransduction cascade ^BindingDB
    - Activation of the phototransduction cascade ^BindingDB
    - Inactivation, recovery and regulation of the phototransduction cascade ^BindingDB
Signal Transduction ^BindingDB
- Integrin signaling ^BindingDB
  - GRB2:SOS provides linkage to MAPK signaling for Integrins ^BindingDB
  - p130Cas linkage to MAPK signaling for integrins ^BindingDB
- Intracellular signaling by second messengers ^BindingDB
  - PIP3 activates AKT signaling ^BindingDB
    - Negative regulation of the PI3K/AKT network ^BindingDB
      - PI5P, PP2A and IER3 Regulate PI3K/AKT Signaling ^BindingDB
- MAPK family signaling cascades ^BindingDB
  - MAPK1/MAPK3 signaling ^BindingDB
    - RAF/MAP kinase cascade ^BindingDB
      - MAP2K and MAPK activation ^BindingDB
      - RAF activation ^BindingDB
- Signaling by GPCR ^BindingDB
  - GPCR downstream signalling ^BindingDB
    - G alpha (i) signalling events ^BindingDB
  - GPCR ligand binding ^BindingDB
    - Class A/1 (Rhodopsin-like receptors) ^BindingDB
      - Nucleotide-like (purinergic) receptors ^BindingDB
        
        Adenosine P1 receptors ^BindingDB
      - Peptide ligand-binding receptors ^BindingDB
- Signaling by Nuclear Receptors ^BindingDB
  - ESR-mediated signaling ^BindingDB
    - Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by Retinoic Acid ^BindingDB
    - RA biosynthesis pathway ^BindingDB
- Signaling by Receptor Tyrosine Kinases ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by EGFR ^BindingDB
    - GAB1 signalosome ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by ERBB2 ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by ERBB4 ^BindingDB
    - Downregulation of ERBB4 signaling ^BindingDB
    - Nuclear signaling by ERBB4 ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by MET ^BindingDB
    - MET promotes cell motility ^BindingDB
      - MET activates PTK2 signaling ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by NTRKs ^BindingDB
    - Signaling by NTRK3 (TRKC) ^BindingDB
      - Activated NTRK3 signals through PI3K ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by PDGF ^BindingDB
    - Downstream signal transduction ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by SCF-KIT ^BindingDB
    - Regulation of KIT signaling ^BindingDB
  - Signaling by VEGF ^BindingDB
    - VEGFA-VEGFR2 Pathway ^BindingDB
      - VEGFR2 mediated cell proliferation ^BindingDB
Transport of small molecules ^BindingDB
- O2/CO2 exchange in erythrocytes ^BindingDB
  - Erythrocytes take up carbon dioxide and release oxygen ^BindingDB
  - Erythrocytes take up oxygen and release carbon dioxide ^BindingDB
- Plasma lipoprotein assembly, remodeling, and clearance ^BindingDB
  - Plasma lipoprotein clearance ^BindingDB
    - VLDLR internalisation and degradation ^BindingDB
Vesicle-mediated transport ^BindingDB
- Membrane Trafficking ^BindingDB
  - Clathrin-mediated endocytosis ^BindingDB
    - Cargo recognition for clathrin-mediated endocytosis ^BindingDB